Review Volume 2, Issue 12 pp 900—907
The DNA damage response: Balancing the scale between cancer and ageing
Figure 1. The action of the key DDR components following DNA damage. Following SSBs, RPA is recruit-ed to the ssDNA along with the 9-1-1 complex. This in turn recruits the ATR-ATRIP complex, allowing ATR to phosphorylate and activate its downstream substrates. Damage that results in DSBs causes the recruitment of the MRN complex, which binds and activates ATM. The pathways at least partially con-verge on BRIT1, which regulates the expression of BRCA1. The BRCA1-BARD1 complex in turn regulates the phosphorylation state of p53.