Research Paper Volume 8, Issue 8 pp 1718—1734
Biological and biophysics aspects of metformin-induced effects: cortex mitochondrial dysfunction and promotion of toxic amyloid pre-fibrillar aggregates
Figure 2. AD biomarkers are differently activated by metformin treatment in brain regions. Western blot of protein extracted from brain lysates of mice cortex (a) and hippocampus (b) after seven days of metformin treatment and incubated with anti-phospho-AMPK (p-AMPK), APP, BACE and β-Actin (loading control) antibodies. Western blot of protein extracted from brain lysates of mice cortex (c) and hippocampus (d) after chronic metformin treatment and incubated with anti-phospho-AMPK (p-AMPK), APP, BACE1 and β-Actin (loading control) antibodies. Quantification of immunoreactivity was performed using densitometric analysis. (e) Effect of chronic metformin treatment on APP transcript levels determined by quantitative real-time PCR in cortex and hippocampus regions. n=5 per group