Research Paper Volume 8, Issue 11 pp 2897—2914

Figure 1. Voluntary aerobic exercise restores endothelium-dependent dilation and normalizes mitochondrial superoxide production in old mice. Endothelium-dependent dilation (EDD) dose-response (A) to acetylcholine (ACh), peak dilation (B), and EDD AUC (C) in carotid arteries and aortic mitochondria-specific superoxide production (D) in young control (YC), old control (OC), young voluntary wheel running (YVR) and old voluntary wheel running (OVR) mice. Representative EPR spectra presented below panel D. Data are presented as means with error bars representing SEM, n=10-12 per group. * p<0.05 vs. all other groups. Peak EDD and EDD AUC data are shown again in Figures 2 and 3 for clarity of interpretation of within-group changes in EDD in the presence of acute stressors.