Priority Research Paper Volume 11, Issue 11 pp 3418—3431

Figure 3. Influence of α-ketoglutarate precursors on mitochondrial metabolism (A-D) O-KG, but not DMKG and TFMKG, inhibits mitochondrial respiration. U2OS cells were incubated for 6 h in presence or absence of DMKG (A, B), TFMKG (C, D), O-KG and octanol (A-D); after pre-incubation with distinct α-ketoglutarate precursors, oxygen consumption rate (OCR) was monitored in a Seahorse XF analyzer upon injection of the complex V inhibitor oligomycin (Oligo), the uncoupler carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) and the complex I inhibitor rotenone at the concentrations indicated in the Experimental Procedure section. Mitochondrial function was evaluated as basal respiration (B, D, left panel), ATP production (B, D, middle panel) and maximal respiratory capacity (B, D, right panel). Data are depicted as mean ± S.D. (one representative experiment, n=3). *** p < 0.001 (compared to Control) (unpaired t test)