Research Paper Volume 12, Issue 23 pp 24168—24183
Oxidative stress mediates age-related hypertrophy of ligamentum flavum by inducing inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis through activating Akt and MAPK pathways
Figure 8. MRI image and the LF specimen. The T2-weighted image of the LF, surrounded by broken lines, at the L4/5 level of (A) an LDH patient and (B) an LSS patient. (C) A hypertrophic LF specimen.