Research Paper Volume 13, Issue 4 pp 5342—5357
Coumestrol mitigates retinal cell inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in a rat model of diabetic retinopathy via activation of SIRT1
Figure 2. CMS decreased the level of ROS in the retinal tissues of DR rats. (A) Representative images of ROS shown by CM-H2DCFDA staining (green) in the retinal tissues of sham-operated and STZ-treated rats administrated with DMSO, 10 mg/kg CMS, 50 mg/kg CMS, and 100 mg/kg CMS (× 400) (scale bar = 25 μm). (B) Relative fluorescence in retinal tissues. (C) Quantitative analysis of ROS content in the retinal tissues. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, compared to the sham-operated rats and # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.001, compared to the rats injected with STZ and treated with DMSO. Data were shown as mean ± standard deviation. Comparisons between multiple groups were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. (n = 15). CMS, coumestrol, DR, diabetic retinopathy; STZ, streptozotocin; ROS, reactive oxygen species; DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide; ANOVA, analysis of variance; n, number.