Figure 7. Indoxyl sulfate induced oxidative stress. Unilateral nephrectomized mice were intraperitoneally injected with indoxyl sulfate (IS, 0 and 100 mg/kg) and the indoxyl sulfate-injected mice were orally given with AST-120 (0 and 400 mg/kg) for 7 weeks. The prefrontal cortical tissues (A), urine (B, 24 hours), and serum (C) were collected and subjected to the measurement of MDA level. The prefrontal cortical tissues were collected and subjected to the measurement of GSH content (D). The prefrontal cortical tissues were collected and subjected to the measurement of 8-OH-dG content (E). Proteins were extracted from the isolated prefrontal cortical tissues and subjected to Western blot with the indicated antibodies. Representative blots and the quantitative data are shown (F). *p < 0.05 vs. control group, and #p < 0.05 vs. indoxyl sulfate alone (IS) group, n = 8.