Figure 1. Effects of capsanthin on the viability of different human breast cancer cell lines and normal human mammary epithelial cells. (A) Chemical structure of capsanthin. (B) TNBC cells were treated with various concentrations of capsanthin for 24, 48 or 72 h and assessed for viability with the MTT assay. (C) Capsanthin inhibits the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells. The cells were treated with different concentrations of capsanthin for 72 h, after which the cells were counted. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.