Review Volume 14, Issue 3 pp 1562—1588
The neuroprotective effects of icariin on ageing, various neurological, neuropsychiatric disorders, and brain injury induced by radiation exposure
Figure 2. Icariin alleviates depression-like changes induced by stress, corticosterone, and glutamate in depressive models. Icariin can downregulate the levels of apoptosis, neuroinflammation, CRF, cortisol and promote neurogenesis in the brain to improve the depression-like behaviors. The mechanisms may be inhibiting P38 MAPK, NF-ĸB, HMGB1-RAGE, PI3-K/AKT, IL-17, ribosome signaling pathways, NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β axis, and activating TLR4-NF-ĸB signaling pathway.