Protective effect of total saponins of ginseng stems and leaves (GSLS) on chlorpyrifos-induced brain toxicity in mice through the PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis

Hong Wu; Hongyan Pei; Jinze Liu; Jianning Zeng; Silu Liu; Weijia Chen; Zhongmei He; Rui Du

doi:doi:10.18632/aging.204374

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Research Paper Volume 14, Issue 22 pp 8982—8999

Protective effect of total saponins of ginseng stems and leaves (GSLS) on chlorpyrifos-induced brain toxicity in mice through the PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis

Figure 3. (A) Hoechst 33342 staining assessment. (B) Detection of intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration. (C) Detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01, ^###p < 0.001, ^####p < 0.0001 vs. control group; ^*p < 0.05, ^**p < 0.01, ^***p < 0.001, ^****p < 0.0001 vs. CPF group.