Research Paper Volume 10, Issue 11 pp 3507—3527
Angiopoietin-1 and ανβ3 integrin peptide promote the therapeutic effects of L-serine in an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/Parkinsonism dementia complex model
Figure 2. (A) CD68, a marker of activated microglia and extravasated macrophages, reached a maximal level at 4 weeks and then decreased considerably by 8 weeks after L-BMAA injection. Treatment with C16+Ang-1, L-serine, or both combined all obviously alleviated inflammatory cell infiltration, with the C16+Ang-1 and combined treatments producing better effects than treatment with L-serine alone. (B) Moreover, the serum IL-6 level increased after L-BMAA injection, and the changes in IL-6 and CD68 expression were similar. Administration of C16+Ang-1 and the combined treatment of C16+Ang-1 with L-serine also produced more remarkable inhibitory effects on IL-6 expression compared with L-serine treatment only. (a) p<0.05 vs normal rats; (b) p<0.05 vs vehicle-treated rats; (c) p<0.05 vs. C16+Ang-1–treated rats; (d) p< 0.05 vs. L-serine–treated rats.