Research Paper Volume 13, Issue 11 pp 15320—15335
Cistanche deserticola polysaccharides alleviate cognitive decline in aging model mice by restoring the gut microbiota-brain axis
Figure 5. CDPS treatment modulates circulating levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress-related factors in the D-galactose-induced aging model mice. ELISA assay results show serum levels of (A) TNF-α, (B) IL-2, (C) IL-4, (D) IL-10, (E) SOD and (F) MDA in the WT, Mod, and CDPS (CH, CM, and CL) group mice. Note: *p<0.05, **p<0.01, and ***p<0.001 compared to the WT group mice; #p<0.05, ##p<0.01, and ###p<0.001 compared to the Mod group mice. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett's post hoc test. All values are shown as means ± SEM (n=15).