Research Paper Volume 13, Issue 13 pp 17038—17079

Lifetime depression and age-related changes in body composition, cardiovascular function, grip strength and lung function: sex-specific analyses in the UK Biobank

Figure 3. Generalised additive models of age-related changes in physiological measures in males with lifetime depression and healthy controls. The solid lines represent physiological measures against smoothing functions of age. The shaded areas correspond to approximate 95% confidence intervals (± 2 × standard error). FEV₁, forced expiratory volume in one second; FVC, forced vital capacity.