Research Paper Volume 13, Issue 13 pp 17038—17079

Lifetime depression and age-related changes in body composition, cardiovascular function, grip strength and lung function: sex-specific analyses in the UK Biobank

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Figure 5. Difference smooths comparing age-related changes in physiological measures of males with lifetime depression to healthy controls. The shaded areas correspond to approximate 95% confidence intervals (± 2 × standard error). Negative values on the y-axes correspond to lower values in males with lifetime depression compared to healthy controls. The horizontal lines represent no difference between male cases and controls. FEV1, forced expiratory volume in one second; FVC, forced vital capacity; Bonf, Bonferroni; BH, Benjamini and Hochberg.