Research Paper Volume 13, Issue 19 pp 22710—22731

Figure 2. CX mice display brain vascular permeability and expression of vascular cell activation genes. (A) Evans blue stain shows higher permeability in CX brains in an age-dependent manner (n = 2). (B) Western blot of IgG, another marker of permeability of the BBB in mice brain. GAPDH was used as a loading control. (C) qRT-PCR of vascular cell activation markers, with ICAM-1 and TNFα in CX mice being significantly higher than control Csa^−/− mice, in both 10–13 and 17–19 week old age groups, though there was no difference between age groups. Data are presented as mean ± SE. Two way Anova followed by Tukey’s post hoc test, n ≥ 4. ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01, ^***P < 0.001 when comparing within the same age group. Abbreviations: Ctrl: control; Wk: weeks.