Research Paper Volume 14, Issue 4 pp 1941—1958

Figure 4. Fusobacterium nucleatum aggravates colorectal cancer liver metastasis by restructuring the liver immune microenvironment. (A) Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs; CD45⁺CD11b⁺Gr-1⁺) in the liver and spleen were determined by flow cytometry. (B) NK (CD45⁺CD3^-CD49b⁺) and NKT cells (CD45⁺CD3⁺CD49b⁺) were analyzed by flow cytometry. (C, D) CD3⁺T cells (C), CD3⁺CD4⁺T cells and CD3⁺CD8⁺T cells (D) in the liver and spleen were assessed by flow cytometry and analyzed by gating on lymphocytes and CD3⁺ cells. (E) Tumor-associated macrophages (CD45⁺CD11b⁺F4/80⁺) in the liver and spleen were determined by flow cytometry. (F) Treg cells (CD4⁺Foxp3⁺) and Th17 cells (IL17⁺CD4⁺) were evaluated by flow cytometry and analyzed by gating on CD4⁺T cells. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (n=5 per group). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001; unpaired Student’s t-test.