Research Paper Volume 14, Issue 19 pp 8046—8060
Palmitic acid inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell switch to synthetic phenotype via upregulation of miR-22 expression
Figure 1. PA inhibited VSMC switch to synthetic phenotype. VSMC morphologies after PA treatments (0, 100, 200 or 400 μM) for 3d. (A) Live/dead cell assay of PA-treated VSMCs. (B and C). EdU assay to detect the proliferation on VSMCs treated with PA. (D and E). Flow cytometry to detect the apoptosis of PA-treated VSMCs. (F) Western blot determined the expression of apoptosis associated markers. (G) Transwell assay of PA-treated (200 μM) VSMCs. Scale bar = 100 μm. (H) Expression levels of SM22α, calponin, SMMHC, vimentin, collagen I, and osteopontin in PA-treated (200 μM for 3 d) VSMCs. n = 3. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.