Research Paper Volume 12, Issue 10 pp 8923—8938
Influence of human amylin on the membrane stability of rat primary hippocampal neurons
- 1 Central Laboratory, First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- 2 Hebei International Joint Research Center for Brain Science, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- 3 Department of Neurology, First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- 4 Brain Aging and Cognitive Neuroscience Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- 5 Department of Pharmacology, Institution of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- 6 Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- 7 Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- 8 Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Health Science Center, Neuroscience Research Institute, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of the National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing, China
- 9 Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation, Institute of Medical Science and Health, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- 10 Department of Endocrinology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Clinical Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
Received: November 8, 2019 Accepted: March 9, 2020 Published: May 28, 2020
https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.103105How to Cite
Copyright © 2020 Zhang et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
The two most common aging-related diseases, Alzheimer’s disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus, are associated with accumulation of amyloid proteins (β-amyloid and amylin, respectively). This amylin aggregation is reportedly cytotoxic to neurons. We found that aggregation of human amylin (hAmylin) induced neuronal apoptosis without obvious microglial infiltration in vivo. High concentrations of hAmylin irreversibly aggregated on the surface of the neuronal plasma membrane. Long-term incubation with hAmylin induced morphological changes in neurons. Moreover, hAmylin permeabilized the neuronal membrane within 1 min in a manner similar to Triton X-100, allowing impermeable fluorescent antibodies to enter the neurons and stain intracellular antigens. hAmylin also permeabilized the cell membrane of astrocytes, though more slowly. Under scanning electron microscopy, we observed that hAmylin destroyed the integrity of the cell membranes of both neurons and astrocytes. Additionally, it increased intracellular reactive oxygen species generation and reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential. Thus, by aggregating on the surface of neurons, hAmylin impaired the cell membrane integrity, induced reactive oxygen species production, reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential, and ultimately induced neuronal apoptosis.
Abbreviations
CsA: Cyclosporin A; DM2: type 2 diabetes mellitus; FAM: fluorescein amidite; hAmylin: human amylin; Iba1: ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1; MAP2: microtubule-associated protein 2; mPTP: mitochondrial permeability transition pore; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline; ROS: reactive oxygen species; TMEM199: transmembrane protein 199; TRPV4: transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 channels.