Volume 6, Issue 10

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Pretorius E, Swanepoel AC, Buys AV, Vermeulen N, Duim W, Kell DB, . Eryptosis as a marker of Parkinson's disease. . 6:788-819. https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.100695

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Provider: TY - JOUR AU - Pretorius, Etheresia AU - Swanepoel, Albe C AU - Buys, Antoinette V AU - Vermeulen, Natasha AU - Duim, Wiebren AU - Kell, Douglas B TI - Eryptosis as a marker of Parkinson's disease JO - JA - VL - 6 IS - 10 PB - SN - UR - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.100695 DO - 10.18632/aging.100695 SP - 788 EP - 819 PY - ER -

Provider: TY - JOUR AU - Pretorius, Etheresia AU - Swanepoel, Albe C AU - Buys, Antoinette V AU - Vermeulen, Natasha AU - Duim, Wiebren AU - Kell, Douglas B TI - Eryptosis as a marker of Parkinson's disease JO - JA - VL - 6 IS - 10 PB - SN - UR - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.100695 DO - 10.18632/aging.100695 SP - 788 EP - 819 PY - AB - A major trend in recent Parkinson's disease (PD) research is the investigation of biological markers that could help in identifying at-risk individuals or to track disease progression and response to therapies. Central to this is the knowledge that inflammation is a known hallmark of PD and of many other degenerative diseases. In the current work, we focus on inflammatory signalling in PD, using a systems approach that allows us to look at the disease in a more holistic way. We discuss cyclooxygenases, prostaglandins, thromboxanes and also iron in PD. These particular signalling molecules are involved in PD pathophysiology, but are also very important in an aberrant coagulation/hematology system. We present and discuss a hypothesis regarding the possible interaction of these aberrant signalling molecules implicated in PD, and suggest that these molecules may affect the erythrocytes of PD patients. This would be observable as changes in the morphology of the RBCs and of PD patients relative to healthy controls. We then show that the RBCs of PD patients are indeed rather dramatically deranged in their morphology, exhibiting eryptosis (a kind of programmed cell death). This morphological indicator may have useful diagnostic and prognostic significance. ER -

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Mohamed JS, Wilson JC, Myers MJ, Sisson KJ, Alway SE, . Dysregulation of SIRT-1 in aging mice increases skeletal muscle fatigue by a PARP-1-dependent mechanism. . 6:820-834. https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.100696

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Provider: TY - JOUR AU - Mohamed, Junaith S. AU - Wilson, Joseph C. AU - Myers, Matthew J. AU - Sisson, Kayla J. AU - Alway, Stephen E. TI - Dysregulation of SIRT-1 in aging mice increases skeletal muscle fatigue by a PARP-1-dependent mechanism JO - JA - VL - 6 IS - 10 PB - SN - UR - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.100696 DO - 10.18632/aging.100696 SP - 820 EP - 834 PY - ER -

Provider: TY - JOUR AU - Mohamed, Junaith S. AU - Wilson, Joseph C. AU - Myers, Matthew J. AU - Sisson, Kayla J. AU - Alway, Stephen E. TI - Dysregulation of SIRT-1 in aging mice increases skeletal muscle fatigue by a PARP-1-dependent mechanism JO - JA - VL - 6 IS - 10 PB - SN - UR - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.100696 DO - 10.18632/aging.100696 SP - 820 EP - 834 PY - AB - Accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in skeletal muscles and the resulting decline in muscle performance are hallmarks of sarcopenia. However, the precise mechanism by which ROS results in a decline in muscle performance is unclear. We demonstrate that isometric-exercise concomitantly increases the activities of Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT-1) and Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase (PARP-1), and that activated SIRT-1 physically binds with and inhibits PARP-1 activity by a deacetylation dependent mechanism in skeletal muscle from young mice. In contrast, skeletal muscle from aged mice displays higher PARP-1 activity and lower SIRT-1 activity due to decreased intracellular NAD+ content, and as a result reduced muscle performance in response to exercise. Interestingly, injection of PJ34, a PARP-1 inhibitor, in aged mice increased SIRT-1 activity by preserving intracellular NAD+ content, which resulted in higher skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and performance. We found that the higher activity of PARP-1 in H2O2-treated myotubes or in exercised-skeletal muscles from aged mice is due to an elevated level of PARP-1 acetylation by the histone acetyltransferase General control of amino acid synthesis protein 5-like 2 (GCN-5). These results suggest that activation of SIRT-1 and/or inhibition of PARP-1 may ameliorate skeletal muscle performance in pathophysiological conditions such as sarcopenia and disuse-induced atrophy in aging. ER -

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Pandit A, Jain V, Kumar N, Mukhopadhyay A, . PHA-4/FOXA-regulated microRNA feed forward loops during Caenorhabditis elegans dietary restriction. . 6:835-851. https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.100697

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Provider: TY - JOUR AU - Pandit, Awadhesh AU - Jain, Vaibhav AU - Kumar, Neeraj AU - Mukhopadhyay, Arnab TI - PHA-4/FOXA-regulated microRNA feed forward loops during <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> dietary restriction JO - JA - VL - 6 IS - 10 PB - SN - UR - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.100697 DO - 10.18632/aging.100697 SP - 835 EP - 851 PY - ER -

Provider: TY - JOUR AU - Pandit, Awadhesh AU - Jain, Vaibhav AU - Kumar, Neeraj AU - Mukhopadhyay, Arnab TI - PHA-4/FOXA-regulated microRNA feed forward loops during <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> dietary restriction JO - JA - VL - 6 IS - 10 PB - SN - UR - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.100697 DO - 10.18632/aging.100697 SP - 835 EP - 851 PY - AB - Dietary restriction (DR) increases life span and delays the onset of age-related diseases across species. However, the molecular mechanisms have remained relatively unexplored in terms of gene regulation. In C. elegans, a popular model for aging studies, the FOXA transcription factor PHA-4 is a robust genetic regulator of DR, although little is known about how it regulates gene expression. We profiled the transcriptome and miRNAome of an eat-2 mutant, a genetic surrogate of DR, by Next Generation sequencing and find that most of the miRNAs are upregulated in the young-adult worms, none significantly downregulated. Interestingly, PHA-4 can potentially regulate the expression of most of these miRNA genes. Remarkably, many of the PHA-4-regulated genes that are induced during DR are also targets of the PHA-4-upregulated miRNAs, forming a large feed-forward gene regulatory network. The genes targeted by the feed-forward loops (FFLs) are enriched for functions related to ubiquitin-mediated decay, lysosomal autophagy, cellular signalling, protein folding etc., processes that play critical roles in DR and longevity. Together our data provides a framework for understanding the complex and unique regulatory network employed during DR, suggesting that PHA-4 employs such FFLs to fine-tune gene expression and instil robustness in the system during energy crisis. ER -

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Waldera-Lupa DM, Kalfalah F, Florea A, Sass S, Kruse F, Rieder V, Tigges J, Fritsche E, Krutmann J, Busch H, Boerries M, Meyer HE, Boege F, et al, . Proteome-wide analysis reveals an age-associated cellular phenotype of in situ aged human fibroblasts. . 6:856-872. https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.100698

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Provider: TY - JOUR AU - Waldera-Lupa, Daniel M. AU - Kalfalah, Faiza AU - Florea, Ana-Maria AU - Sass, Steffen AU - Kruse, Fabian AU - Rieder, Vera AU - Tigges, Julia AU - Fritsche, Ellen AU - Krutmann, Jean AU - Busch, Hauke AU - Boerries, Melanie AU - Meyer, Helmut E. AU - Boege, Fritz AU - Theis, Fabian AU - Reifenberger, Guido AU - Stuhler, Kai TI - Proteome-wide analysis reveals an age-associated cellular phenotype of <i>in situ</i> aged human fibroblasts JO - JA - VL - 6 IS - 10 PB - SN - UR - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.100698 DO - 10.18632/aging.100698 SP - 856 EP - 872 PY - ER -

Provider: TY - JOUR AU - Waldera-Lupa, Daniel M. AU - Kalfalah, Faiza AU - Florea, Ana-Maria AU - Sass, Steffen AU - Kruse, Fabian AU - Rieder, Vera AU - Tigges, Julia AU - Fritsche, Ellen AU - Krutmann, Jean AU - Busch, Hauke AU - Boerries, Melanie AU - Meyer, Helmut E. AU - Boege, Fritz AU - Theis, Fabian AU - Reifenberger, Guido AU - Stuhler, Kai TI - Proteome-wide analysis reveals an age-associated cellular phenotype of <i>in situ</i> aged human fibroblasts JO - JA - VL - 6 IS - 10 PB - SN - UR - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.100698 DO - 10.18632/aging.100698 SP - 856 EP - 872 PY - AB - We analyzed an ex vivo model of in situ aged human dermal fibroblasts, obtained from 15 adult healthy donors from three different age groups using an unbiased quantitative proteome-wide approach applying label-free mass spectrometry. Thereby, we identified 2409 proteins, including 43 proteins with an age-associated abundance change. Most of the differentially abundant proteins have not been described in the context of fibroblasts’ aging before, but the deduced biological processes confirmed known hallmarks of aging and led to a consistent picture of eight biological categories involved in fibroblast aging, namely proteostasis, cell cycle and proliferation, development and differentiation, cell death, cell organization and cytoskeleton, response to stress, cell communication and signal transduction, as well as RNA metabolism and translation. The exhaustive analysis of protein and mRNA data revealed that 77% of the age-associated proteins were not linked to expression changes of the corresponding transcripts. This is in line with an associated miRNA study and led us to the conclusion that most of the age-associated alterations detected at the proteome level are likely caused post-transcriptionally rather than by differential gene expression. In summary, our findings led to the characterization of novel proteins potentially associated with fibroblast aging and revealed that primary cultures of in situ aged fibroblasts are characterized by moderate age-related proteomic changes comprising the multifactorial process of aging. ER -

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Seim I, Ma S, Zhou X, Gerashchenko MV, Lee S, Suydam R, George JC, Bickham JW, Gladyshev VN, . The transcriptome of the bowhead whale Balaena mysticetus reveals adaptations of the longest-lived mammal. . 6:879-899. https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.100699

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Provider: TY - JOUR AU - Seim, Inge AU - Ma, Siming AU - Zhou, Xuming AU - Gerashchenko, Maxim V. AU - Lee, Sang-Goo AU - Suydam, Robert AU - George, John C. AU - Bickham, John W. AU - Gladyshev, Vadim N. TI - The transcriptome of the bowhead whale <i>Balaena mysticetus</i> reveals adaptations of the longest-lived mammal JO - JA - VL - 6 IS - 10 PB - SN - UR - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.100699 DO - 10.18632/aging.100699 SP - 879 EP - 899 PY - ER -

Provider: TY - JOUR AU - Seim, Inge AU - Ma, Siming AU - Zhou, Xuming AU - Gerashchenko, Maxim V. AU - Lee, Sang-Goo AU - Suydam, Robert AU - George, John C. AU - Bickham, John W. AU - Gladyshev, Vadim N. TI - The transcriptome of the bowhead whale <i>Balaena mysticetus</i> reveals adaptations of the longest-lived mammal JO - JA - VL - 6 IS - 10 PB - SN - UR - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.100699 DO - 10.18632/aging.100699 SP - 879 EP - 899 PY - AB - Mammals vary dramatically in lifespan, by at least two-orders of magnitude, but the molecular basis for this difference remains largely unknown. The bowhead whale Balaena mysticetus is the longest-lived mammal known, with an estimated maximal lifespan in excess of two hundred years. It is also one of the two largest animals and the most cold-adapted baleen whale species. Here, we report the first genome-wide gene expression analyses of the bowhead whale, based on the de novo assembly of its transcriptome. Bowhead whale or cetacean-specific changes in gene expression were identified in the liver, kidney and heart, and complemented with analyses of positively selected genes. Changes associated with altered insulin signaling and other gene expression patterns could help explain the remarkable longevity of bowhead whales as well as their adaptation to a lipid-rich diet. The data also reveal parallels in candidate longevity adaptations of the bowhead whale, naked mole rat and Brandt's bat. The bowhead whale transcriptome is a valuable resource for the study of this remarkable animal, including the evolution of longevity and its important correlates such as resistance to cancer and other diseases. ER -

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Wiesenborn DS, Menon V, Zhi X, Do A, Gesing A, Wang Z, Bartke A, Altomare DA, Masternak MM, . The effect of calorie restriction on insulin signaling in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue of Ames dwarf mice. . 6:900-912. https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.100700

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Provider: TY - JOUR AU - Wiesenborn, Denise S. AU - Menon, Vinal AU - Zhi, Xu AU - Do, Andrew AU - Gesing, Adam AU - Wang, Zhihui AU - Bartke, Andrzej AU - Altomare, Deborah A. AU - Masternak, Michal M. TI - The effect of calorie restriction on insulin signaling in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue of Ames dwarf mice JO - JA - VL - 6 IS - 10 PB - SN - UR - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.100700 DO - 10.18632/aging.100700 SP - 900 EP - 912 PY - ER -

Provider: TY - JOUR AU - Wiesenborn, Denise S. AU - Menon, Vinal AU - Zhi, Xu AU - Do, Andrew AU - Gesing, Adam AU - Wang, Zhihui AU - Bartke, Andrzej AU - Altomare, Deborah A. AU - Masternak, Michal M. TI - The effect of calorie restriction on insulin signaling in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue of Ames dwarf mice JO - JA - VL - 6 IS - 10 PB - SN - UR - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.100700 DO - 10.18632/aging.100700 SP - 900 EP - 912 PY - AB - Long-living Ames dwarf (df/df) mice are homozygous for a mutation of the Prop1df gene. As a result, mice are deficient in growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL) and thyrotropin (TSH). In spite of the hormonal deficiencies, df/df mice live significantly longer and healthier lives compared to their wild type siblings. We studied the effects of calorie restriction (CR) on the expression of insulin signaling genes in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue of normal and df/df mice. The analysis of genes expression showed that CR differentially affects the insulin signaling pathway in these insulin target organs. Moreover, results obtained in both normal and Ames dwarf mice indicate more direct effects of CR on insulin signaling genes in adipose tissue than in skeletal muscle. Interestingly, CR reduced the protein levels of adiponectin in the epididymal adipose tissue of normal and Ames dwarf mice, while elevating adiponectin levels in skeletal muscle and plasma of normal mice only. In conclusion, our findings suggest that both skeletal muscle and adipose tissue are important mediators of insulin effects on longevity. Additionally, the results revealed divergent effects of CR on expression of genes in the insulin signaling pathway of normal and Ames dwarf mice. ER -

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